Consequences of Global Warming

Posted on octubre 23rd, 2011 in First Paper by andogo

Most scientists agree that the Earth is in fact experiencing increasing temperatures, and many believe that humans are enhancing this overall warming trend. The likely effects of global warming will not be limited to one country ? or even one continent ? and will permeate almost every aspect of the environment and of life for all living things. Potential effects listed here are just a handful of those discussed in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC)

Rising sea levels are the most common concern; taking place with a thermal expansion of the oceans ? a result of water molecules expanding in warmer temperatures, increased precipitation, and the melting of mountain glaciers. Because all bodies of water have varying shapes and ocean water tends to «swell» differently depending on its starting temperature, the change in sea level is not uniform over the surface of the Earth. In the 20th century alone, sea levels rose 0.17 meters predictions for the next century range anywhere from 0.18 to 0.59 meters. While smaller projections would likely have only relatively modest impacts, the higher projections could have dramatic effects on low-lying coastal communities.

Currently, the Arctic summer sea ice is about half as thick as it was in 1950. Just like an ice cube melting in a glass of water, the melting Arctic sea ice does not contribute to sea-level rise, except for the expansion of seawater with increasing heat. However, melting Arctic sea ice may lead to global changes in ocean circulation. Water from melted ice forms a layer at the sea surface that is less dense than the underlying water since it is less salty, potentially preventing the pattern of deep ocean currents from rising to the surface. Additionally, melting sea ice speeds up the warming of the Arctic since water absorbs 80% of sunlight, about the same amount that the cover of sea ice used to reflect.

While the idea of swimming in a warmer ocean is pleasant to most human beings, increasing ocean temperatures could cause serious ecological damage. Approximately one quarter of the world’s coral reefs have died over the last few decades, many of them affected by coral bleaching ? a process directly tied to warming waters which weakens the coral animals.

An increase in global temperature will likely enhance the ability for severe weather, which could mean stronger and more frequent storms. Warmer temperatures cause more evaporation of water, which, as part of the water cycle eventually leads to increased precipitation and further increasing the potential for flooding. While some parts of the world are projected to experience increased precipitation, others may experience higher levels of drought as places that are typically dry ? such as the centers of continents ? experience even more evaporation as global temperatures climb. Scientists, however, are trying to determine whether drought is actually increasing or if we are experiencing a shift in areas of drought.

Warmer winters mean that many deaths related to cold temperatures might be avoided and that the growing season will last longer, a possible upside to global warming. More people around the world die because of winter cold than because of summer heat. A decrease in winter deaths could offset a potential increase in summer heat-related deaths, or even lead to more lives saved as a result of the changed temperatures. With respect to longer growing seasons, there is already evidence in Europe that their growing season has been extended since the 1960s, with spring plants now blooming about 6 days earlier and fall colors coming 5 days later.

With drought affecting some regions and heat intensifying in the tropics, many areas will become unsuitable for agriculture. In tropical areas that are already dry and hot, the ability to harvest food will likely decrease even with small increases in warming. However, warmer temperatures and increased precipitation can also make previously marginal land more suitable for farming. Therefore, it is likely that, with a changing climate, a global change in the agricultural pattern will occur. Yet, it is unknown as to whether or not the increase in the usefulness of marginal lands will counterbalance an increase in drought and desertification.

In addition to potential environmental changes, the human health implications of increased global warming are very concerning. Extreme heat waves in 2003 and 2006 led to thousands of deaths in Europe, North America, and India and are likely to increase. We are also witnessing a renewed spread of diseases, likely to increase if temperatures continue to rise, including a spread of illnesses that were previously limited only to tropical areas.

Other species are also affected by global warming, most often by changes in migration patterns, shorter hibernation times, relocation to new areas, and extinction due to lack of adaptation. For example, many animals accustomed to living in the arctic regions, such as polar bears and penguins, have been forced further out of their native habitat in search of more accommodating habitat closer to the poles. Animals that migrate, such as birds and butterflies, have begun extending their migratory range closer to the poles, arriving sooner and departing later. other consequences.

other consequences.

Consequences of Global Warming On Health

Deadly Heat Wave: More frequent and severe heat waves will result in a greater number of heat-related deaths.

Bad Air, Allergy and Asthma: Global warming could increase smog pollution in some areas and intensify pollen allergies and asthma. Hotter conditions could also aggravate local air quality problems, already afflicting more than 500 million persons.

Infectious Disease and Food and Waterborne Illness Outbreaks: Warming temperatures, alternating periods of drought and deluges, and ecosystem disruption have contributed to more widespread outbreaks of infections like malaria, dengue fever, tick-borne encephalitis, and diarrheal illnesses. People living in poverty will be hardest hit by the global surge in infectious diseases

Dangerous Weather Events: A warmer atmosphere can hold — and dump — more moisture, contributing to more intense extreme weather events, which in turn put people’s lives at risk

Consequences of Global Warming On Weather Patterns

More Powerful and Dangerous Hurricanes: Warmer water in the oceans pumps more energy into tropical storms, making them stronger and potentially more destructive. Even with storms of the same intensity, future hurricanes will cause more damage as higher sea levels exacerbate storm surges, flooding, and erosion.

Drought and Wildfire: Warmer temperatures could increase the probability of drought. Greater evaporation, particularly during summer and fall, could exacerbate drought conditions and increase the risk of wildfires.

Intense Rainstorms: Warmer temperatures increase the energy of the climatic system and can lead to heavier rainfall in some areas. Scientists project that climate change will increase the frequency of heavy rainstorms, putting many communities at risk for devastation from floods.

Consequences of Global Warming On Wildlife

Ecosystem Shifts and Species Die-Off: Increasing global temperatures are expected to disrupt ecosystems, pushing to extinction those species that cannot adapt. The first comprehensive assessment of the extinction risk from global warming found that more than 1 million species could be obliterated by 2050 if the current trajectory continues.

Consequences of Global Warming On Glaciers and Sea Levels

Melting Glaciers, Early Ice Thaw: Rising global temperatures will speed the melting of glaciers and ice caps and cause early ice thaw on rivers and lakes.

Greenhouse Effect

Posted on octubre 23rd, 2011 in First Paper by andogo

The greenhouse effect is when the temperature rises because the sun’s heat and light is trapped in the earth’s atmosphere.  This is like when heat is trapped in a car. On a very hot day, the car gets hotter when it is out in the parking lot.  This is because the heat and light from the sun can get into the car, by going through the windows, but it can’t get back out.  This is what the greenhouse effect does to the earth.  The heat and light can get through the atmosphere, but it can’t get out.  As a result, the temperature rises.

The sun’s heat can get into the car through the windows but is then trapped.  This makes what ever the place might be, a greenhouse, a car, a building, or the earth’s atmosphere, hotter.  This diagram shows the heat coming into a car as visible light (light you can see) and infrared light (heat).  Once the light is inside the car, it is trapped and the heat builds up, just like it does in the earth’s atmosphere.

Sometimes the temperature can change in a way that helps us.  The greenhouse effect makes the earth appropriate for people to live on.  Without it, the earth would be freezing, or on the other hand it would be burning hot.  It would be freezing at night because the sun would be down.  We would not get the sun’s heat and light to make the night somewhat warm.  During the day, especially during the summer, it would be burning because the sun would be up with no atmosphere to filter it, so people, plants, and animals would be exposed to all the light and heat.

Although the greenhouse effect makes the earth able to have people living on it, if there gets to be too many gases, the earth can get unusually warmer, and many plants, animals, and people will die.  They would die because there would be less food (plants like corn, wheat, and other vegetables and fruits).  This would happen because the plants would not be able to take the heat.  This would cause us to have less food to eat, but it would also limit the food that animals have.  With less food, like grass, for the animals that we need to survive (like cows) we would even have less food.  Gradually, people, plants, and animals would all die of hunger.

Video Greenhouse effect

What is global warming?

Posted on octubre 23rd, 2011 in First Paper by andogo


Global warming refers to the rising average temperature of Earth’s atmosphere and oceans and its related effects. In the last 100 years, Earth’s average surface temperature increased by about0.8 °C (1.4 °F) with about two thirds of the increase occurring over just the last three decades. Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and scientists are more than 90% certain most of it is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases produced by human activities such as deforestation and burning fossil fuel. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_warmingDefinition 1

Glaciers are melting, sea levels are rising, cloud forests are drying, and wildlife is scrambling to keep pace. It’s becoming clear that humans have caused most of the past century’s warming by releasing heat-trapping gases as we power our modern lives. Called greenhouse gases, their levels are higher now than in the last 650,000 years.

We call the result global warming, but it is causing a set of changes to the Earth’s climate, or long-term weather patterns, that varies from place to place. As the Earth spins each day, the new heat swirls with it, picking up moisture over the oceans, rising here, settling there. It’s changing the rhythms of climate that all living things have come to rely upon. (http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/global-warming/gw-overview/Definition 2

Global warming is closely linked to the enhanced greenhouse effectwhich is an increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere leading to an increase in the amount of infrared or thermal radiation near the surface. Most scientists agree that the enhanced greenhouse effect is leading to rising temperatures, referred to as global warming, and other changes in the atmospheric environment, known as climate change (a term that in common usage also includes natural changes).(http://www.global-greenhouse-warming.com/definition-for-global-warming.html)Definition 3

It refers to the observed and projected increase in the earth’s average temperature due to natural or anthropogenic climate change. The earth’s average temperature rose about 0.7° Celsius (1.3° Fahrenheit) in the 20th century.  Gases created through human industrial and agricultural practices (primarily carbon dioxide from burning fossil fuels and wood, as well as methane, nitrous oxide, and chlorofluorocarbons) increase the heat-reflecting potential of the atmosphere, thereby raising the planet’s average temperature.

(http://www.benefits-of-recycling.com/definitionforglobalwarming.htmlDefinition 4

Video Global Warming Presentation

Who Will Win the Media Battle of Britain?

Posted on octubre 16th, 2011 in Essays 1-7 by andogo

Particularly I think that as the majority of we to hack  the telephone of celebrities, políticis, members of the royalty and famous of all the fields, can be common, although we know that it is totally immoral. Although many people think that this one is the price that they must pay for being persons known, but this is neither legal nor acceptable. There exist many persons that they likes  know imformaciones and secrets of the famous ones, but I am sure that to nobody would likes this of himself.

All this that before looked funny, normal or even morbid transforms in something stingy and cruel when the hacked telephones belong to victims of the terrorism, victims of crimes or familiars of dead soldiers. And this to which it owes?.

Since this owes to  that the majority of the persons feels identified with these persons, therefore, this action is considered as a violation of the intimacy; for example the people were terrified and infuriated for hacked the telephone of a murdered child. Such  have been the consequences that the prestigious newspaper has seen obligated to close due to the stronggers pressures so much social as on the part of others newspapers of liberal format.

My conclusion about this matter is the same that in most cases in that there exist certain persons who doesn’t understand where are the limits of the legality and often they exceed them without thinks in other persons, Simply they want money (in this case to sell many newspapers), for this motive I will indicate of miserable this behavior and  of so many people without scruples that to obtain money tramples  others.

http://uvpress.blogs.uv.es/2011/07/14/03-who-will-win-the-media-battle-of-britain/

TALKING BUSINESS

Posted on octubre 14th, 2011 in Essays 1-7 by andogo


In my opinion I believe that this course us will be of great help to be able to begin in the business world, since, this course provides information about habitual situations in the business world as a can be the telephonic calls, meetings, presentations and negotiations. We are going to start commenting about the section that refers to the telephonic calls in which we will  find different situations as say with whom we want  speak, which  do if the person that we to look for is busy in this moment, if we  called to a  telephone number wrong, to arrange  appointments, how realize reservations and advices  to avoid mistakes.

In the section of the meetings  refers to situations as for example how preparing and beginning meeting, in the part of interruptions that  ask to do for avoid them and as acting in this case, in case of have any type of disagreement with someone as raise it of way politely, questions or phrases to finish the meetings and finally advices to avoid mistakes.

In the section of presentations we will learn how to realize successfully presentations differing each stage and to use phrases of effective way. This section divides in  parts as the opening in which  teach us how  beginning the presentations and effective phrases, then we have the body who indicates that it’s  very interesting to introduce images, graphs or some visual aids method to capture attention of the listeners, also is the section of questions that  speaks of how to open a the floor to questions and how answer these and finally we can see a series of advices to avoid mistakes.

Last section to be about of the negotiations and how we can manage them so that it favors us to obtain the objective. Last section to be about of the negotiations and how we can manage them so that it favors us to obtain the objective. In case of a difficult conversation we observe a few series of phrases to be able to realize them successfully, in the same way we can see how resolve difficulties in the negotiations, which  form it’s  most adapted to ask for an increase of salary, how behavior with the difficult clients and finally advices to avoid mistakes.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/business/talkingbusiness/

To add also that in all these sections we can find examples, very used phrases and practical exercises in which we can apply everything learned

COPYRIGHT

Posted on octubre 13th, 2011 in Essays 1-7 by andogo

My personal opinion about the decision of York University’s along with many other Canadian colleges and universities of doesn’t  pay any type of annual for student about copyright, is understandable and correct. These universities and colleges will manage its author’s own permissions, in order of doesn’t pay any annual.

At the same time  mentioned Universities will take care to inform all its members (teachers, students, sttaf …) of all the steps to follow for avoid any type of plagiarism. Something indispensable will be to mention every original author in each text, task or  article fulfilled, otherwise the own universities will can to take actions and reprisals against every member of the university who doesn’t expire with the established to avoid the plagiarism.

For avoid these reprisals anyone that uses some work of another author will must to contribute a permission of the owner copyright or realize some mention about the author. Personally I understand that these universities after informed correctly all his members take important decisions against those members who doesn’t fulfill obligations of copyright.

http://uvpress.blogs.uv.es/2011/08/05/03-copyright-and-you-new-requirements-start-sept-1

When Knowledge Isn’t Written, Does It Still Count?

Posted on octubre 13th, 2011 in Essays 1-7 by andogo


In my opinion I believe that wikipedia he is in an internal debate in which many of the advisers of wikipedia arise the possibility of accompany their texts with something more focus on the new generations as accompany these texts with explanatory videos.

With this initiative what is claimed is that wikipedia could be more accessible to the young  generations who look for information in Internet, and  can think that the  mentioned information not they sera useful, due to the fact that it can looks  poor or ancient on the information hasn’t accompanied by anything more modern and adapted to the current importance as they it are the videos or other methods explanatory updated .

But on the other hand appears the founding and principal writers and  from information to wikipedia that doesn’t like  this offer of eliminate the method up to now used  only accompany the texts withs its literary sources. But this can to give rise to  that not mencioned more sources and wikipedia will not be able to grow.

How Goldman Sachs Created the food Crisis

Posted on octubre 8th, 2011 in Essays 1-7 by andogo

In my opinion, this article shows us a problem in the society which it can be the especulation.
“ The especulation is the buy and sale the goods of any type with the only intentetion of benefiting from the variations in its price of market”

This happened with the goods that the text speaks, since it commentson the appareance of bankers and agent, which meddle on a marketthat till then was only of cultivators, farmers and multinationals that really need to buy on sell cereals.

This provoked a increase of the prices of these matters, and what before was “to buy, to sell ad to sell, to buy” turned in buy cheaper and sell expensive.
Suddenly appeared persons without any idea of raw materials that they buying it. All that to help the world prices of the food increase 80%.

In Spain happened something similar the sale of property, since appeared persons with money that buying cheap floors and then were seld expensive. This property especulation caused the increased prices of the property in Spain, something similar to the United States with the grain.

The conclusion of all that is, that the greed of the people who has money and they wants to have much more, provokes in these cases an over-excited increased of prices, have which impact that the people who has not so much money meet to bad luck of seeing as so essential things to live as the food cos them more money trought the fault of this speculation provoked by these persons which only try to prosper more.

The Destructive Power of the Financial Markets

Posted on octubre 3rd, 2011 in Essays 1-7 by andogo


In my opinion I believe that the speculators are some of the big persons in charge of economic crises that live some countries or in the world, but the governments after observing the consequences and repercussions that have taken place due to these situations of crisis, also have part of guilt since they have lost the opportunity to regulate the industry.
This can be due to the fact that many important countries worldwide continue being very competitive, and in spite of the fight against the speculation that to carry out United States and great part of Europe isn´t possible to limit the financial market if all the countries aren´t globally interconnected.
In the same way are partly responsible the governments for helping to these financial companies in the moment that they were at the edge of the bankruptcy, but probably they are interested in this help in order that this way the same governments could become richer, but due to this the speculation will be able to continue. If the speculation continues in the world, we´ll continue living through situations in which many experts catalogue it of destruction of the society.

Speculating whit lives. How Global investors make money out of hunger

Posted on septiembre 25th, 2011 in Essays 1-7 by andogo


Due to the interference of the speculators and investors in the agricultural products has taken a increase in the prices of the food that in turn carry that million persons fall down on the poverty. But investors care little about the effects of their deals in the real world.

Here Alan Knuckman appears an analyst of a consulting signature of raw materials. Knuckman says phrases as: “I’m here to make money” and “I don’t believe in politics, I believe in the market, and the market is always right.”

Knuckman  indicate that this raise of prices cannot be so bad for the citizens of USA, apologizing heself to absurd phrases as: “The majority of the citizens of United States eat too much”. This comment refers to the population of United States, but the really affected are the poor persons of the world who meet obliged to spend 70 % his budgets in food. To the fact that the poorest of the poor can no longer pay for their food as “undesirable side effects of the market.” or what is the same «side effects»

There are many factors that they contribute to this food situation, but they are not causers of the increase of the prices.

  • Climate change, which leads to droughts, floods and storm, and thus to crop failures;
  • The rising price of oil, which makes it more expensive to produce and ship food products;
  • The global population, which is growing too fast for agricultural production to keep up;

Olivier Shutter, specialist of United Nations on the right to food, says that the excessive speculation is the primary cause of the prices increase.

Many experts like the UNCTAD say that the commodities market isn´t  working properly, due to  the prices should to form by supply and  demand. The majority of the investors involved in the business of raw materials, today have little knowledge of the current products.

The world of the finance did a series of adjustments that that turned the basic food of the humanity into an object of speculation. The market remained relatively stable during decades until it was discovered by the financial industry, it´s to say, farmers grew the food that distributors and retailers sold as food products.

In 1999 there was a change of regulation, when the United States Commodities Futures Trading Commission deregulated the raw materials markets. Now banks were permitted to hold large positions in commodities securities. This was extended in 2004, when a request of the banks was approved to extend the scope of the banks for this action, banks as Lehman Brothers, Morgan Stanley, Bear Stearns and JP Morgan. In this manner, the participation of the financial industry has thrown to the food market to a situation of out of balance.

Frederick Kaufman in April 2011 wrote an article titled “How Goldman Sachs Created the Food Crisis.” His conclusion is equally clear: “The more the price of food commodities increases, the more money pours into the sector, and the higher prices rise.” to this we refer with vicious circle.

In 2009, the US investment bank earned more than $5 billion in commodities speculation and while the market is not regulated  the number of speculators will continue to grow. This can be a destroyer since in according with the world bank an increase of only 10 % in the food prices carries that other 10 millions people fall down in the poverty.

The French presindente Nicolas Sarkozi of the conference of  G-20 of agriculture ministers in Paris argued more strict controls on the agricultural markets, saying the nature of a market to be regulated, or else it would be a jungle.

There is many resistance to the idea of regulating the financial transactions with the agricultural products, especially in the United States and Great Britain, which are concerned about the potential impact on the health of their financial markets.

In earling  May in New York in a World conference on opportunities of investment, they came: bankers, brokers, producers, merchants, managers, merchants and enclosed policemen and firemen,  they all wanted to know how best to use rising food prices to turn a profit. These financial investors surely have little interest in the effects of their investments on the countries involved, or in the social and environmental consequences.

A clear exemple is Ethiopia, a country whose name is associated with starvation for many people. Even though 5.7 million Ethiopians are dependent on international food aid, the government sells or leases large tracts of fertile land to foreign investors. They, in turn, export most of the food they produce to other countries.

A great problem is to invest in the wrong things. Investors do not believe it is their responsibility to produce affordable food. Their job is to turn a lot of money into even more money. A report published in the ONU about industrial agriculture concludes indicating that it is responsible in large part for climate change, species extinction, poisoning of the environment, water shortages, disease and poverty. Due to this  motive asks for a change  the  in agricultural mass production as well as an end to large-scale monocultures and the massive use of pesticides.

As conclusion we saids that an investment in funds of raw materials isn´t  the solution of the problem, but it´s  part of the problem.

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